Parinita Das

Bread wheat (2n=42), belonging to the family Poaceae is one of the most important food crops on the global scenario and known as “the King of Cereals”.It is extensively cultivated for its seeds as a staple food for human as well as for livestock feed across the world. Due to global warming and climate change, the most emerging problems are biotic and abiotic stresses.Stripe rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is one of the largest biotic stress factor among them, limiting wheat production worldwide. Despite the efficiency of fungicide treatments, genetic resistance is considered to be the most economical and environmentally friendly way to control the disease. The present study is based on the paired-end reads of control and Pst treated leaf samples of two near isogenic lines of wheat generated using HiSEQ 4000. The study aims at identification of differentially genes in response to wheat stripe rust between the susceptible line PBW343 and resistant line FLW29 and their transcriptional profiling, identification and characterizations of lncRNAs in stress conditions, transcription factors, pathways etc and lastly the prediction of PTM sites in the translated DEGs. A total of 164095 transcripts, 409 differential expressed genes,1503 transcriptional factors, and several protein domains and families were identified from reference based assembly. Myeloblastosis related proteins (MYB), WRKY domain, Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLHs) found in this study are reported to be associated with plant tolerance against biotic stress. A total of of 6807 putative lncRNAs have been identified under three different time points i.e. 12hpi, 48hpi and 72hpi out of which only 13 are differentially expressed. These are related to the pathogenesis-related protein 1 and disease resistance protein RGA2.These findings should facilitate the development of effective strategies for the breeding of resistant wheat varieties to obtain a better control of stripe rust. Lastly, the study on PTM has been carried out on the protein coded DEGs in sequence level and palmitoylation sites has been found more incase of downregulated genes compared to the upregulated ones indicating palmitoylation may play some important role in disease resistance mechanism.